AMPLE tokens

Tony Walduck
AMPLE programs are neither stored nor executed in ASCII format, but are tokenised to save space, as are BASIC and most other languages on micros. A study of the AMPLE Nucleus ROM, and various programs and modules, has generated the following lists of AMPLE word and token equivalences.
AMPLE Nucleus tokens:

00 [ (or 'local' definition)
01 to 0A Indicates a word in an
         INSTALLed or MLOADed module,
         numbered by order of loading
         at the time of program
         definition. The normal
         loading sequence is:

         Studio 4000    Studio 5000
   01       INT            INT
   02       M4             M5
   03       M5             EW
   04       EW             MENU
   05       MENU           FX1A
   06       FX1A           INS1
   07       INS1
   08       KFX
This implies that a maximum of ten modules can be active at any one time.
The next number identifies the actual word within the module - see the separate tables at the end of the AMPLE Nucleus token list.
0B <space> followed by length byte (i.e. multiple spaces)
0C 1-byte decimal number follows
0D 1-byte decimal number follows with ',' implied (i.e. note length)
0E " followed by length byte, then string text (no closing " needed)
0F % followed by length byte, then comment text
10
11
12 GVAR
13 )ELSE(
14 )REP
15
16 )UNTIL(
17
18 IF(
19
1A 2-byte decimal number follows
1B 2-byte hex number follows
1C
1D
1E '
1F )P
20 ] <return>
21
22
23
24
25
26
27 PNUM
28
29
2A )IF
2B REP(
2C )ACT
2D
2E
2F
30
31
32 FOR(
33
34 INDEX
35 COUNT
36 )FOR
37
38
39 #2
3A #11
3B #12
3C #212
3D #2121
3E #213
3F #+
40 #-
41
42
43 #!
44 #B!
45 #B?
46 #?
47 SIGN
48 NOT
49 #<
4A
4B #B12
4C AND
4D OR
4E XOR
4F CODE
50 #OUT
51 <return>
52 <space>
53 EVERY
54 $+
55 $REV
56 ASC
57 LEN
58 $CHR
59
5A
5B
5C $OUT
5D NL
5E
5F $2
60
61
62
63 ^
64 X
65 /
66 ACT
67 \
68 +
69 -
6A =
6B ,
6C ;
6D FAST
6E DISPLAY
6F | (bar)
70 (
71 )
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
7F
80
81
82
83 ARRAY
84 FCOPY
85 FVAR
86 FRAME
87 FRAME!
88 FRAME?
89 MVAL?
8A MVAL!
8B VOICE!
8C
8D ON
8E OFF
8F
90
91 #+!
92 #>
93 #=
94 MAX
95 MIN
96 $12
97 $-
98 VAL
99
9A
9B
9C
9D
9E
9F
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4 IDLE
A5 ACT(
A6 &VAL
A7 OSCLI
A8
A9
AA #*
AB #/
AC RAND
AD RAND!
AE RANDL
AF $STR
B0 &$STR
B1 NOUT
B2 &NOUT
B3 $PAD
B4 $STRIP
B5 SP
B6 ALIGN
B7 MODE
B8
B9
BA QKEY
BB 'L
BC #IN
BD $IN
BE
BF
CO UNUSED
C1 VOICE
C2 RVOICES
C3 VOICES
C4 DURATION
C5 WIND
C6 PAUSE
C7 =T
C8 -T
C9 +T
CA QTIME
CB c
CC C
CD d
CE D
CF e
D0 E
D1 f
D2 F
D3 g
D4 G
D5 a
D6 A
D7 b
D8 B
D9 K(
DA )K
DB :
DC !
DD @
DE BAR
DF ^;
E0 =L
E1 +L
E2 -L
E3 ///
E4 SIMPLEACT
E5 SCORE
E6 P(
E7 ~
E8 HALT
E9 GO
EA SHARE
EB STOP
EC
ED READY
EE
EF
F0
F1
F2
F3 DIM
F4
F5
F6
F7
F8
F9
FA
FB
FC
FD
FE
FF
Many of the unassigned tokens could be used internally in AMPLE as non-user-programmable features. Modules and parts of Nucleus itself could well be programmed in these non-documented and inaccessible parts of AMPLE.
INT definitions (preceded by module number - typically 01):
01 INT
02 METV
M4 definitions (preceded by module number - typically 02):
04 KEYS
08 KEYSET
0B KEYB
M5 definitions (preceded by module number - typically 03 or 02):
01 EVEN
02 ODD
03 PAIR
04 PSENS
05 PEN
06 AEN
07 ONEN
08 CHAN
09 CHANS
0A Simpleins
0B M5TUNE
0C GATE
0D PITCH
0E VEL
0F RM
10 SYNC
11 FM
12 SHIFT
13 OFFSET
14 AMP
15 VOL
16 POS
17 INVERT
18 PHSET
19 PITCHF
1A PAN
1B TRANS
1C DETUNE
1D M5VALS
1E M5INFO
1F M5MIX
EW definitions (preceded by module number - typically 04 or 03):
01 Hollow  .....
02 Bright      .
03 Broad       .
04 Clear       .
05 Hard        .
06 High        .
07 Metal       ..... Waveforms
08 Pipes       .
09 Reedy       .
0A Round       .
0B Syncer      .
0C Sharp       .
0D Pure        .
0E Watery  .....
0F Trill   .....
10 Cycle       .
11 Deepvib     .
12 Delvib      .
13 Drop        .
14 Pow         .
15 Ramp        .
16 Rise        ..... Pitch
17 Slowvib     .     Envelopes
18 Sweep       .
19 Bend        .
1A Vibrato     .
1B Warble      .
1C Wide        .
1D Wow         .
1E Zap     .....
1F Burst   .....
20 Short       .
21 Click       .
22 Tailed      .
23 Echohit     .
24 Verylong    ..... Amplitude
25 Long        .     Envelopes
26 Onoff       .
27 Puff        .
28 Reverse     .
29 Percuss     .
2A Swell       .
2B Soft        .
2C Spike       .
2D Strike      .
2E Tremolo .....
2F Flat    ......... Pitch Envelope
30 Peaked  ......... Amplitude Envelope
MENU definitions (preceded by module number - typically 05 or 04):
01 MENUDISP
02 MENU
FX1A definitions (preceded by module number - typically 06 or 05):
01 PLAY
02 Echo
03 Len
04 Autopan
05 Slide
06 Perc
INS1 definitions (preceded by module number - typically 07 or 06):
04 Drum
05 Cymbal
06 Elguit
07 Ironpipe
08 Moog
09 Organ
0A Panflute
0B Ringsyn
0C Slapbass
0D Upright
0E Vibglock
0F Wha
10 Yakbell
11 Simpleins
KFX definitions (preceded by module number - typically 08):
01 Expand
02 Scale
03 Split
04 Spread
05 Reduce
06 KEYB
Within a program, word definitions start at byte &18. From this point the relative positions within a word definition are as follows:-
00/01  word definition length (i.e. relative pointer to next word)
02/03  possibly the absolute address of the previous word definition
04     &80+length of word name (i.e. top bit set)
05-nn  ASCII for word name
nn+1   word definition number
nn+2   00, i.e. [, start of word definition
and so on to the end of that word definition, to be followed by further word definitions.
At the end of the program you will find that any modules whose words are used in the definitions are listed; each module will feature in a sequence like: -
00/01  length of sequence
02/03
04     length of used module's name
05-nn  ASCII for module name
nn+1   used module's number code
It also appears from studying the modules themselves that, because of words from other modules which are used, the following module dependencies arise:
EW   needs  M5
INS1 needs  M5 and EW
MIX  needs  M5
REC  needs  M4 and FX1A
KFX  needs  M5 and M4
Published in AMPLINEX 008, November 1988
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