AMPLINEX 015

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AMPLINEX issue 015 was published in January 1990. Each AMPLINEX magazine is stored as a 200K single-sided 80-track disk image file (.ssd file type). The image can be used to create disks for a BBC Micro or can be loaded into a BBC emulator. For the disks to run, the BBC (real or emulated) must have an AMPLE Nucleus ROM installed and be running the Hybrid Music System.

News and reviews

In this section we have a summary of the recent product announcements from Hybrid Technology and a review of three new music disc releases.

Hybrid Technology news

Since the previous issue of AMPLINEX, Hybrid Technology have announced a number of new products for the educational and home-user market. The AMPLE Toolkit, a collection of software utilities which was already announced, is reviewed in this issue.
Hybrid Technology are consolidating their position in the music education market with the release of a new range of AMPLE music software for the primary and special needs areas. The first two titles in the range are Soundscape, which allows children to create and play sounds using only the Music 4000 keyboard, and Soundspace, which allows the same type of control but via a joystick or touch screen.
Last year we reported that Hybrid Technology had shelved the release of the Music 5000 Junior which was to have been a package including the Music 5000 synthesiser and a non-AMPLE software package providing control via a number of graphics-based screens. The package was to sell for £99.
Now, Hybrid Technology have released the Music 5000 Synthesiser Universal, which comprises the Music 5000 synthesiser, the AMPLE Nucleus ROM, plus disc and documentation. Priced at £113.85, this package offers the use of the Music 5000 synthesiser in place of the sound chip in standard music programs. Because it is based on the AMPLE Nucleus ROM, this new package offers the buyer a simple upgrade path to the full Studio 5000 system.
Designed for the BBC Master only, control of the unit is via the numeric keypad: the user can assign the Music 5000's eight voices to any of the four sound channels, choosing from the sixteen preset instruments, plus four drum sounds.
At the end of the description of the Music 5000 Synthesiser Universal in Hybrid's advertising literature it notes that "the Music 5000 is the heart of a complete integrated music system . . . As developments proceed, it will also become transferable to the newer generation of 16-bit computers."
More light was shed on this by the news that Hybrid Technology have entered into partnership with Research Machines to produce a Hybrid Music System for the Nimbus PC186 "taking full advantage of its 16-bit technology to make significant improvements in functionality, performance and ease of use." No dates for product release have yet been announced but the intention is clear: to provide an upgrade path for educational users moving from the BBC to the IBM standard.
Given the undoubted interest amongst home users of the Hybrid Music System in an upgrade path from the BBC Model B or Master (many were hoping for a move to the Acorn Archimedes) this announcement still leaves open the question of a more general development commitment. Although Research Machines might have a strong presence in the educational market, they are clearly small fish in a very big IBM-compatible pond. Whether this announcement indicates a more general move to IBM-compatible computers using Research Machines as a 'pilot', or just another development of the educational market, remains to be seen.
As IBM-compatible computers increasingly spread from the business sector to the home user market, many BBC computer users will be looking for a move. If an announcement from Hybrid is too long coming, many users of the Hybrid Music System may well have reluctantly decided to abandon the system, along with their BBC computer, on the path to an IBM-compatible machine.

The AMPLE Toolbox - a review

Kevin Doyle
The AMPLE Toolbox is a collection of software utilities for the AMPLE Nucleus environment. The utilities extend the Studio 5000 software and make the creation and management of AMPLE programs easier.
There are five parts to the Toolbox: TEDIT, a scrolling text editor; IEDIT, a MODE 7 graphics screen editor; UTILS, a collection of utility words for AMPLE programming; SideMod, a utility to allow the storage of modules in Master 128 Sideways RAM; and AREC, a program to recover corrupted AMPLE program files. The package consists of one disc (plus label) and a 70-page manual.
TEDIT is a vertically and horizontally scrolling text editor which offers more flexibility than Notepad. With TEDIT you can enter lines of over 80 characters, edit more than one word at once, and operate in any screen mode. The editor's capacity is limited only by the amount of user memory and its contents are held as 'public data' which means it is retained as part of the current program and can be saved and loaded with it. It is easy to use, looking similar to Notepad with an editing and a command area.
It operates best in an 80-column mode (if you have enough memory available) - in 40-column mode there are actually fewer columns shown on the screen than in Notepad (only 38 columns of a 40-character line are displayed). The editing keys take a little getting used to after Notepad - all editing functions are performed using the Copy, Delete and Enter keys in combination with Shift and Control. The only irritating feature of the screen was its vertical scrolling which operates three lines at a time (presumably for speed) which can be a little disconcerting as you approach the bottom or top lines of the screen.
IEDIT is the Mode 7 graphics screen editor which offers an integrated and refined version of the AMPLINEX screen designer (published in issue 002). To concentrate on the differences between the AMPLINEX and Hybrid version: the editing key assignments have been much simplified in the Hybrid version, making more use of toggling key functions and making the function keys compatible with Notepad; some extra facilities are included in the Hybrid version such a single-character 'paint' facility and column insert and delete.
In addition, screens in the Hybrid version can be saved as either editable text (as in the AMPLINEX version) or in a compact form as comment lines after a DISPLAY statement and a part of a screen can be saved as a window, allowing it to be positioned at any point on the screen - useful for animation effects. Thirteen sample screens are included on the disc, several of them familiar, including part of the AMPLINEX title screen!
The UTILS module contains a number of small utilities which extend the AMPLE Nucleus facilities. Some, like ABBREV and BROWSE seem more like gimmicks than useful features, but others like MERGE, the spare words utility, and the compilation facility will, I feel, prove very useful. I will go through the words in sequence. ABBREV, displays the minimum abbreviation for a word. BROWSE allows you to look at the structure of a program, showing all words within other words in a rather laborious screen display.
COMPILE allows a program to be reduced to more memory-efficient form - removing comments and spaces between words and reducing the number of lines. It can also save more space by changing all user words to a single character. In the compiled form the program may not be editable or displayed by WRITE/TYPE depending on the line length. DISCOMPILE reverses the effect of COMPILE - it puts spaces back into words and shortens lines to fit within the screen. It cannot, however, put back the original word names if these have been changed or re-introduce deleted comments.
MERGE, allows one program to be loaded in addition to one already in memory. This provides an alternative to the use of *EXEC for combining parts of programs into an existing one. REPORT shows the position of an error in a word (using the LEDIT line number - see below). SPARESHOW displays words which are not in use in other words. These can then be optionally deleted using SPAREDELETE.
The LEDIT line editor is a return to the AMPLE BCE form of program entry. Program lines are numbered and entered, much like BASIC, preceded by a line number and a full stop. Similarly, lines can be listed and renumbered. Words can be brought into the editor using GET and the lines are processed (as commands) using MAKE.
The User Guide makes much of the fact that this now means that program editing can be done via a batch file of commands - a new line could be added to a word, for example, by the commands:
"word" GET
5. % copyright AMPLINEX
MAKE
but this facility is really of limited use without any of the other facilities of a text editor such as the ability to locate and change existing text.
SideMod is a utility which can amend your system disc to enable selected modules to be loaded into Master 128 Sideways RAM rather than be loaded from disc. This provides faster access to the modules, although it does take longer to start up the system (due to the time taken to load the Sideways RAM).
Finally, AREC is a disc recovery utility for AMPLE programs. It searches a disc sector by sector and recovers any complete AMPLE progams that it finds.
In summary, the AMPLE Toolbox is a boon for those who find themselves restricted by the editing and control tools in the AMPLE environment. The Toolbox does not offer any musical extensions to the Hybrid Music System so, if you find the current Studio 5000 environment adequate for your needs, the Toolbox is probably not for you.
The AMPLE Toolbox costs £39.10p inclusive of postage and packing.
On the subject of the AMPLE Toolbox, we have received the following comments from A G Walduck:
Although I had placed a firm order for AMPLE Toolkit, and Hybrid Technology had been in possession of my money for well over a month, they would not release the goods to me unless I signed a precisely worded acceptance of the product, based on the reduced specification that I reported in AMPLINEX 014.
A more loosely worded acceptance did not suffice, so eventually two months elapsed before I received the goods that I had ordered back in October. This sort of delay hardly endears a supplier to its customers.
Has any other member had a similar experience, or have I been singled out for this peculiar treatment?
On a broader issue, how do members feel about the almost inevitable 28-day delay before receiving hardware from Hybrid, even though cheques may have cleared in a matter of days? I have had these delays when ordering parts that had been available for months beforehand.
Some explanation of this behaviour might go some way towards making the delay a little less irritating. However I have been unable to get Hybrid to comment.
Do other people find this acceptable? I don't.

New music discs

Roy Follett
A hectic Christmas allowed only a brief listen to three music discs one from J B Software and two from Panda Discs.
Amongst the fourteen or so Music 5000 discs available from Panda Discs we have been sent two of them to review. One disc is a collection of 13 pieces programmed by Bernie Dawson. Some members will be aware of fellow member Bernie's contributions to AMPLINEX.
Although the music content may not be to everyone's taste (mostly modern work: e.g. Genesis, Joni Mitchell, Mike Oldfield) I found this offering good listening and the programming interesting.
There is also an enlarged 'info' file with his comments on some of his programming techniques. This is a splendid idea and should be mandatory for all Music 5000 discs.
The second from Panda is their Children in Need disc. With 21 tunes and ten carols this must be value for money. All the music and programming being donated by the authors. This allows the profits after duplicating and administration, to go this worthwhile cause, although I could not find anywhere on the disc any indication as to what percentage of the selling price this might be.
Panda have made a plea for more donations of work for the second disc which they hope to release. So, come on, get programming then contact:
Panda Discs
Four Seasons
Tinkers Lane
Brewood
Stafford
ST19 9DE
All Panda discs are £5.00 inclusive of postage and packing, from the above address.
The third disc is John Bartlett's Jazz Disc volume 2. Again this may not be to everyone's taste but it certainly is to mine. In my opinion John is the first programmer to get a sense of performance from AMPLE. When I listen to his discs I forget that I am listening to a computer.
Even if jazz is not your type of music I suggest you get this disc just to see what can be done with your box of silicon chips.
The disc costs £3.50, inclusive of postage and packing, from:
John Bartlett
J.B.Software
20 Crawley Avenue
Wellingborough
Northants 

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990 

We'll Meet Again

by Jim Redfarn

Composed by: Ross Parker & Hugh Charles

Well it’s the 50th anniversary of World War 2. The Hammond organ sound I nicked from John Bartlett's "How About You" (AMPLINEX 009). I think John gave the name "vibraharp" to it. Thanks John!

Jim Redfarn
 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.WMEETAG


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

We Call It Sillieee

by The Awfully Nice Software Co

Assorted guitar runs: Pilgrim Beart. Manic twiddly bits: T.a.n.S Co

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.SILLIEE


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

That South Sea Island

by Ted Kirk

This is the 2nd piece in a set of 4 I wrote in 1986 called "Wishful Thinking" - originally for brass quintet. On the whole I prefer the computer version. If anyone's interested I can send all 4 on a C15 cassette - send £1 to TED KIRK, 33 Humber Cres., ST. HELENS, Merseyside WA9 4HD. Of course they are "through- composed", and don't gain from the computer's pattern-making ability. With 8 voices for 5 parts, in this one I did not go for 4-channel instruments, but used spare voices to "colour up" the sound - in effect making temporary 4-channel instruments as needed.
 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.ISLAND


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Tailback

by Frank Dudley

J Roden and F Dudley proudly present

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.TAILBCK


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Caroline

by Robonk

Composed by: Francis Rossi & Robert Young

Like everybody else I was sitting tweaking Pilgrim Beart's programs... this one is "In Concert". Hence the title.

I use a 'poking' system for switching between words and lead break, chord style and checking on last verse for fades and endings.

Robonk
 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.CAROLIN


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Sunday, Bloody Sunday

by Paul Nuttall

Composed by: U2

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.SUNDAY


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Shelley

by P W Scott

Dedicated to Shelley

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.SHELLEY


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

The Shadow of Your Smile

by Roger Sapolsky

Composed by: Johnny Mandel

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.SMILE


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Nargle

by Mike Dobson

It's pronounced 'Nar-glay'.
 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.NARGLE


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Morning Mist

by I W Buckley

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.MISTY


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Let's Go and Play the Crazy Tune

by Tony Mulch

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.CRAZY


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

The Last Patrol

by Bob Ord

Having watched most of the Sergio Leone movies broadcasted by BBC 2 over the Christmas holidays I offer you this spoof, complete with fade out at the end. Seriously though, this is the first time I have used the Staff editor for entering a percussion part a pseudo bolero rhythm. It didn't quite turn out the way I wanted, but I like it.
 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.PATROL


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

How Tremendously Stimulating

by Andrew Smith

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.HOW


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Fantasy number 1

by Lol Taylor

This is a romantic type of piece, more emotion than music. There should be a climax near the end after which it dies away. Perhaps I should have set it more rubato. I would have liked a slightly softer attack on the grand: when I used to play it on the piano I stroked the keys rather than hit them.

The piece belongs to a different age with very different values. See what your older relations think about it.

Lol Taylor
 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.FANTASY


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

The Battle

by Andy Knight

I programmed this piece in record time - "Sounds like it", you might say - but I am quite pleased with it. The method used was as follows.

On returning from the pub on Sunday night I hooked up my Tascam Porta 2 multitrack recorder to the Music 4000 and in a part-drunken haze started laying down tracks for about an hour. It is a bit archaic compared to composing by computer, but it's much more spontaneous.

I awoke next morning with the chords still ringing in my ears - or was it the beer? Having a heavy cold it was just the excuse I needed to miss work.

Using the Recorder meant no music notation and few written notes, and it was completed by about 1.00pm.

I called it "The Battle" because it made me think of an army fighting relentlessly against the odds, and anyway, thinking up a better title could take days. I want to move on to my next tune.

Hope you like it.

Regards,

Andy Knight (AMPLEholic)

ps I recorded this piece on to my Portastudio and added 4 more voices in the form of a jarre4 plus 3 more as flute. The resulting sound is more than fair. But you will have to take my word for that... Oh, if only the Music 5000 had more than eight voices.
 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.BATTLE


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Andante Cantabile

by G H Richardson

 

Source: AMPLINEX 015 disk, file $.CANTAB


Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Drums on the Music 4000 keyboard

David Westbrook
This is a little program I've found useful for trying out drum parts. It was inspired by Richard Bettis's keyboard split program (AMPLINEX 007) and needs a Music 4000 keyboard.
My program uses Richard's technique (in the word 'splitact') to allocate 8 drum sounds to different parts of the Music 4000 keyboard, thus giving you an easily accessible 'drum kit' to play with. When you've found a nice drum pattern you can then record the parts separately as usual - provided you can remember them!
When the program 'U.DrumKey' is loaded and run, it splits the keyboard into 8 groups of notes, each group producing a different instrument. The title display gives you a rough idea of where each instrument is. In all cases except the toms, the sound is of a constant pitch, so it doesn't matter which key in the group you hit. The toms are tuned, so each key in this group does produce a different pitch.
As Richard explained, the more groups the keyboard is split into, the slower the response. My eight-fold split is really pushing it a bit, so if you hit more than one drum simultaneously you'll notice a distinct lag. However, I don't find this too disturbing and I think it's worth it for the range of sounds. If you disagree, it's fairly easily changed to have less voices: look at 'splitact' and 'setkit'. Have fun!
Related file on this disc:
U.DrumKey - Music 4000 drum kit utility

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Fast Fourier analyser

Bob Ord
I wrote this BASIC program about five years ago for use with AMPLE BCE. It may be of interest to those who use the waveform editing utility published in AMPLINEX 014.
The program allows you to draw the desired waveform and then takes it and performs a Fourier analysis upon it. Once the analysis is complete the screen clears and displays the amplitude and the phase angle of the first 16 harmonics of the drawn waveform.
When drawing the waveform use the whole grid to draw one complete cycle of your waveform.
The phase angle is not much use for the Music 5000 software but the amplitude value is, and should be taken as a percentage. It is easier to define a waveform using the WH! instruction than to define the 128 points needed to use the WG! instruction.
Full instructions for the keys used are given in the program.
Related file on this disc:
U.FFA - Fast Fourier analysis. BASIC program

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Hints and tips

ROM Compatibility

Allan Gardner
I have recently added ESM's colour Screenprint ROM to my BBC Model B, and I have found it gives some very unpleasant effects within AMPLE.
Some of the effects are:
- Programs (known to be good) give '! Bad program' on loading.
- Modules included in the !BOOT file are found to be missing when MCAT is issued, and hence the module is unexpectedly loaded when required by a music program.
The worrying aspect of the problem is the random nature of the problems.
This ROM should be regarded as incompatible with AMPLE.

Getting more control over menus

Jack Wrigley
Looking through Ian Waugh's piece, 'Funky Nuts' (Micro User, October 1988) I was puzzled by his use of the word 'cls' just before MENUDISP. This was not defined or explained in the accompanying article. Fortunately, it was defined in another of Ian's compositions 'Spanish Tummy' (Acorn User June 1988). It 'restores windows' and 'clears text area', thus ensuring a clean display irrespective of where the piece is run in the system. Not a bad thing and worth having!
The definition is:
"cls" [
26 #OUT % Restores windows
12 #OUT % Clears text area
]
Also worth 'borrowing' from the same program is the word 'press'. Most people put the menu name at the end of a command line as this will renew the menu display once the command has been carried out. If this was added after a command to display, for example, an 'info' word, the information would only be seen momentarily, before the menu display was renewed. Used after an 'info' name, Ian's word allows the information to be displayed, but requests a single key press to return to the menu display.
The definition is:
"press" [
NL 132 #OUT 157 #OUT 135 #OUT
% new blue background
10 FOR( SP )FOR
% spaces to centre text
"Press RETURN" $OUT
$IN $2 % wait for keypress
menu % return to user-defined menu
]
One problem I have had with menu command lines is the limitation of 35 characters per line. With long commands (like play strings) this leaves little space for any comments. Redefining a command as a short word, for example,
"com1" ["1234-1abc2abc3abc4abca"PLAY]
can save space (24 characters in the extreme example above).
Finally, if the program is always intended to be run from a user-defined menu display the RUN word is simply:
"RUN" [ menu ]

AMPLINEX waveform editing utility

Lol Taylor
Other users of Richard Bettis' excellent utility (AMPLINEX 014) may find they have trouble identifying the waveform files produced.
I've stored waveforms with a suffix of '~' to show that they are waveforms and not instruments. So 'violin~' is a waveform and 'violin' is an instrument.

Manual improvement

Allan Gardner
Here is a simple (and cheap) tip that may be of interest.
1) Buy an A5 ring-binder (one with 3 rings seems to be best).
2) Remove the comb-binder(s) from the Hybrid Technology manual(s).
3) Punch the pages to suit the binder.
4) Insert the pages from the manual(s) into the ring-binder.
Result: manuals that can be opened and closed at any page easily and without the normal cursing associated with the HT method of binding.

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

!BOOT files, modules and memory

Richard Bettis
One of the main drawbacks of the Hybrid Music System is the limited memory of the BBC micro. A lot of memory is taken up by the Studio 5000 modules all of which may not be necessary. Some modules, once loaded, cannot be removed - these are known as 'fixed-only'. Other modules can be removed, saving memory, depending on how they were loaded.
If they were loaded via INSTALL, they cannot be later removed. If, however, they were loaded via MLOAD, they can be removed later via MDELETE, or by loading a program which does not require them.
The standard system disc !BOOT file loads several modules into memory using INSTALL. This means that some of these modules, which are not 'fixed-only', cannot be removed even if they are not required.
In order to get the most free memory with any particular setup, therefore, only the necessary modules should be INSTALLed. On loading, all programs will 'call up' any modules they require, and these will be removed when the next program is loaded. But without the basic modules required by all programs there will be a lot of noisy and tedious disc accesses as each new program MLOADs the modules it requires.
Because of this, a !BOOT system should INSTALL all the modules in constant use, and ONLY those modules. In my setup, this has led to a number of different !BOOT discs: one for the Music 5000 alone, one for the Music 4000, one for the Music 2000 (all as supplied by Hybrid), and even at one time a disc which INSTALLed Notepad and the Mixing Desk for setting up mixes without lots of disc accesses.
Now I have rationalised the system, and only have one disc, which contains all the modules I have, but with a menu system for booting up the system I want at the time.
The main !BOOT file looks like this:
*BASIC MODE 7 CHAIN"!MENU"
where !MENU is the following BASIC program:
10 *FX18
20 *FX15
30 MODE7
40 PRINTTAB(0,5)"Hybrid Music System"''''
50 PRINTTAB(10)"1) with MIDI Module"
60 PRINTTAB(10)"2) without MIDI" 
70 PRINTTAB(10)"3) without M4000 keyboard"
80 PRINTTAB(10)"4) with only MIDI module"
90 REPEATPRINTTAB(0,18)"Which system?";:A$=INKEY$(10)
100 UNTILVAL(A$)>0 ANDVAL(A$)<5
110 OP=VAL(A$)
120 PRINTOP
130 ON OP GOTO 140,160,180,200
140 *EXEC !M2BOOT
150 STOP
160 *EXEC !M4BOOT
170 STOP
180 *EXEC !M5BOOT
190 STOP
200 *EXEC !M2ONLY
210 STOP
The required system for that session is then chosen, and the appropriate file *EXECed.
The files are the original !BOOT files from my various other system discs, shown below.

!M5BOOT

*BASIC
*/C.PREPARE R K
*FX 202,48
*FX 118
*KEY 0 |"A.MPLINEX|"LOADRUN|M
*AMPLE
% Studio 5000 ... M5 only !BOOT
":0.M." MPREFIX
"INT" INSTALL
"M5" INSTALL
"EW" INSTALL
"MENU" INSTALL
"FX1A" INSTALL
"INS1" INSTALL
MAIN

!M4BOOT

*BASIC
*/C.PREPARE R K
*FX 202,48
*FX 118
*AMPLE
% Studio 5000 ... M5 & M4 !BOOT
":0.M." MPREFIX
"INT" INSTALL
"M4" INSTALL
"M5" INSTALL
"EW" INSTALL
"MENU" INSTALL
"FX1A" INSTALL
"INS1" INSTALL
MAIN

!M2BOOT

*BASIC
*/C.PREPARE R K
*FX 202,48
*FX 118
*AMPLE % Studio 5000-2 Release 2
":0.M." MPREFIX
"INT" INSTALL
"M2" INSTALL
"M4" INSTALL % Optional
"M5" INSTALL
"EW" INSTALL
"MENU" INSTALL
"FX1A" INSTALL
"INS1" INSTALL
READY 8 VOICES MIDIV 1 MIDILINE
&B0 MIDIOUT % Kill EMT-10
124 MIDIOUT % OMNI ON mode
0 MIDIOUT   % (Send Mode 1)
MAIN
Note: the Music 5000 only module is used almost exclusively with AMPLINEX, and hence the 'f0' key is programmed to LOAD and RUN "A.MPLINEX".
I also have a Yamaha EMT-10 Expander in my MIDI set-up (a nice sampled piano for the money...) which powers up receiving on all MIDI channels; hence the little program segment at the end of the Music 2000 boot-up.
The file for final menu option - !M2ONLY - is the same as !M2BOOT but does not INSTALL the Music 5000 sound modules (EW and INS1). This is for when I am only using MIDI sound sources.
I hope this technique may be of use to all those who are suffering, as I was, from a surfeit of discs all labelled 'xxxx System Disc'. Now I only have to remember which program disc that tune was on...

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Questions and answers

Question: Speech synthesis

Has anyone experimented with speech synthesis on the Music 500(0)? I don't underestimate the complexity of the task, but if commercial packages such as Speech! can get acceptable results from the BBC's internal sound chip, perhaps equally good (or better) results are attainable using Hybrid hardware.
Vincent Fojut

Answer: Music 3000 and Shadow RAM

In AMPLINEX 014 Graham Firth tells of his difficulties with the Music 3000 and Watford Shadow RAM. Having recently received my Music 3000, I knew that I would be having the same problem. Try as I might, moving the page workspace to either &1300 or &1400 or even abandoning the use of the Staff editor and using page &900 or &A00, still the software either hung up when loading or in the Mixing Desk. However, I have a sort of a fix that allows the Shadow RAM to be used. Persistence pays off in the end!
Load the Music 3000 !BOOT file into a word processor and remove the 'S' from the C.PREPARE instruction. Save this file and rename it AMPBOOT.
Then create the following !BOOT file and save it.
1 *BASIC
2 CHAIN"MODIFY"
Now type in and save the following BASIC program under the name MODIFY.
10 MODE 7
20 *FX21,0
30 RESTORE
40 *KEY|*EXEC AMPBOOT|M
50 FORI%=1TO16
60 READ N%
70 OSCLI("FX138,0,"+STR$(N%))
80 NEXT
90 *FX202,48
100 *FX118
110 PRINTTAB(0,10)CHR$131CHR$136"Please PRESS BREAK"TAB(0,0);
120 DATA42,87,77,87,83,32,48,67,13
130 DATA42,82,65,77,79,78,13
I know it’s not a perfect solution since you lose the Staff editor graphics. But at least you gain all the memory available and the Music 3000 Mixing Desk works. After all, you can use your original Music 5000 software for the Staff editor.
Bob Ord

Question: Instruments in Mixing Desk

Does anybody know of a way to use the first few instruments in the Mixing Desk when more than 40 user-defined ones are present?
Peter Burridge

Question: Scrolling text

Has anybody written a colourful text scroller for use in the AMPLE environment? I would like to display a message from right to left at a moderate speed during one of my pieces. Can the BBC computer cope with two tasks in one go, and will this slow down the tempo of the music?
Andrew Smith

Question: Modules and memory

I have a BBC model B with Music 5000 and 4000. Using the Music 5000-4C system disc I get 14505 bytes of available memory. With the Music 5000 system disc I get 15537. Neither was enough to run AMPLINEX 013. I have modified (as suggested in AMPLINEX) the !BOOT file of the Music 5000 disc by removing MENU and INS1 which gives me 17605 bytes. MLOADing the MENU (but not INS1) allows me to run AMPLINEX 013. MLOADing INS1 (but not MENU) allows me to run longer pieces like 'Prelude' (on AMPLINEX 013).
I would prefer to modify the Music 5000-4C disc as this is the one I normally use (so that I can use the keyboard). However, MENU and INS1 are not identified on the !BOOT file. Is there any way I can get round this?
M Matthews

Recent releases of Hybrid Music System software have replaced four modules (M.EW, M.FX1A, M.INS1 and M.MENU) with a large combined file called M.S5-4C. This means that you can no longer perform the selective module loading suggested. However, I am puzzled by the fact that you cannot run AMPLINEX 013 with the memory you mention since the A.MPLINEX file was under 15000 bytes in length.

Question: Use of *TYPE

In the Hints and Tips section of AMPLINEX 013, Lol Taylor suggests a use for the *TYPE command. However, when I use it from within AMPLE on my BBC Model B setup, the system 'hangs' and the only exit is to press Break. It could be because of the Watford DFS (version 1.44) or the Aries B32 Shadow RAM which I use.
The problem only occurs in AMPLE, and I would be interested if anyone else has experienced a similar problem.
Allan Gardner

Question: Upgrading from a BBC Model B

Like many others I am thinking of upgrading computers but would like a Hybrid-compatible machine. I have three questions:
1) Are there any snags about changing over from a Model B to a Master?
2) I read somewhere that a new 1MHz bus add-on conversion for the Archimedes allowed it to run the existing Hybrid system. Can anyone confirm this?
3) I have read in the press somewhere that Hybrid are working on a Music System for the RM Nimbus. Can this be confirmed by anyone? If so when will it be released?
Jim Redfarn

For news on the RM Nimbus machine, see this issue's News and Reviews section.

Question: The ghost fonts of AMPLE DCT

Has anyone else noticed the slightly odd font designs on some of the AMPLE DCT files, particularly those of 'Obernell' origin? They seem to be mode7-style, but with 'bits' chopped off here and there, which produces a mode-4-like image. I've compared the font with the Mode 4 one and it definitely has its differences. I can't find anything in the programs which suggest how AMPLE DCT did this. Could I have an explanation please?
Andrew Smith

Question: Trumpet sound

I am a new member of AMPLINEX and recently received issue 011. Seeing that 'Fanfare for a Common Man' was on the Music menu I hoped that it would have a good brassy sound. It does not. However, it is a super arrangement. Does anybody have a convincing sounding trumpet?
David Hall

Question: Keyboard split utility

I enjoy using my Music 4000 and have found the keyboard split utility in AMPLINEX 007 to be tremendous. However, sometimes when I am playing a chord using 3 or 4 notes on the left, anything I play as a melody line has its sound truncated. Is this a problem with processing capacity on the computer and does anyone know how I might get round this?
M Matthews

Question: Waveform editing utility

Congratulations to Richard Bettis for an excellent utility (AMPLINEX 014). I have had many enjoyable hours playing with it.
I'm getting a bit old to understand some of the programming but I have a couple of question which I hope do not seem too naive.
Is it necessary to repeat all the setting-up procedure when using previously filed waveforms? Is there a way of dropping them straight into the waveform slots in memory?
If user-defined waveforms have been used then it is either necessary to re-boot to get the regular waveforms, or else we need to have them stored as words to be added to programs and called at the end of the queue. The Music 5000 User Guide gives a general idea of the harmonics of the regular waveforms. Has anyone more precise details?
In spite of my delight with the utility I still think envelope control to be more important. Here's hoping that someone who grasps AMPLE better than I do will come up with a few clues.
Lol Taylor

Answer: Re-MAKEing MENU words

In AMPLINEX 014 I asked if any special rules applied to modifying MENU displays. It looks as if the trees got in the way of the woods, but just in case anybody else is making the same mistake, read on!
I think my problem was caused by trying to use MENU (a system word) as a user-defined word. In Ian Waugh's 'Funky Nuts' piece he named the menu display 'menu' (note: lower case characters) not 'MENU' as I was doing.
Jack Wrigley

Question: Ian Waugh

They seek him here, they seek him there, they seek him everywhere.
Ian Waugh writes good, solid reviews about all kinds of music hardware and software in many music and computer magazines. Could anyone give us a bit of background information about the man?
Dave Chamberlain

Editor's note:
The comments following some of the questions above are only my opinions on the subject and should not be taken as definitive answers.
Your comments are most welcome on any of the questions posed, whether they supplement, confirm or correct any I have expressed.

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990 

Printing out AMPLINEX information

There are three ways to print out the information seen in AMPLINEX.
You can print out an AMPLINEX file as it is displayed on the screen from within AMPLINEX; you can print the files themselves as you would any other text file; or you can load the files into your own word processor and re-format them as required before printing.
1) To print a file from within AMPLINEX choose the 'SET PRINT ON/OFF' option from the Introduction menu. This allows you to toggle a software 'print switch' on or off. If the switch is set ON then any AMPLINEX file which is displayed on the screen will be sent to the printer. This will continue until you set the switch off again using the same Introduction option. An asterisk is displayed at the top of the screen next to the issue number when the print option is ON and the print status is shown at the bottom right of the screen as text is displayed within AMPLINEX.
It is now also possible to print out part of a file from within AMPLINEX. There are two ways to do this:
a) To print a single page of an AMPLINEX file, make sure the 'print switch' is OFF and then select the menu option which displays the file. When the page you wish to print is displayed, and the 'Press RETURN to continue' prompt is showing at the bottom of the screen, press the letter 'P' on the keyboard. The page being displayed will then be sent to the printer. Pressing RETURN will then continue to display the file without printing.
b) To start printing part-way through a file, you can turn on the 'print switch' by pressing the CTRL and 'P' keys together when the 'Press RETURN to continue' prompt is displayed. Subsequent pages which are displayed will then be sent to the printer. The 'print switch' can be turned off again in the same way.
2) If you prefer to print the parts you require outside of AMPLINEX - all the data is held in files on the AMPLINEX disc. The files are in directories named according to the sections in which they appear and the file names can be seen at the foot of the screen as they are displayed in AMPLINEX so you can make a note of the ones you require.
The file directories allocated to each section of AMPLINEX are as follows:
$. for Music
A. for the Introduction and Adverts
F. for Features
H. for Hints and Tips
I. for Instruments
N. for News and Reviews
Q. for Questions and Answers
U. for Utilities
In addition to the text files, the AMPLE instrument definitions can also be printed directly from within AMPLINEX. Music and utility programs written in AMPLE can only be printed by LOADing the programs into the Studio 5000 and using the WRITE command (see Studio 5000 User Guide page 100).
3) If you wish to re-format the text before printing you should load the files into your word processor. The files contain unjustified text restricted to 38 columns width. The files contain only printable ASCII characters except for a control code (ASCII 11) which marks the screen page breaks. View treats these as left margin tabs and if necessary they can be removed with a C/^L// command.
Two utilities have been published in AMPLINEX to aid with the re-formatting of text files:
In AMPLINEX 003 'Hints and Tips' (H.ints003) there were instructions for a Wordwise segment program to automatically format AMPLINEX text files. The segment itself was included in AMPLINEX 004 (H.WWconv).
In AMPLINEX 005 there was a utility to print formatted 80-column text direct from an AMPLINEX text file. The instructions (U.print/i) and the BASIC program (U.print80) are both within the 'Utilities' section. A modification to this program (to provide a wider margin) was included in the 'Hints and Tips' section of AMPLINEX 006. See also the Update section of AMPLINEX 008 for a note concerning BASIC 1 users.

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Next issue news

The next issue of AMPLINEX is planned for release at the beginning of April (rather later than usual). This means that all applications for a FREE copy (i.e. those with discs containing contributions) must be received by FRIDAY 16TH MARCH. Anyone paying the £2.00 fee should apply by Friday 6th April.
Most of the content depends on your contributions between now and then - so please let us have your words or music in time for the next issue of AMPLINEX.
We look forward to reading and hearing your contributions.

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

How to contribute to AMPLINEX

To receive your next issue of AMPLINEX free of charge you must send a contribution of your own.
This could be an AMPLE music program, an instrument definition, a question or an article about some aspect of the AMPLE language or Hybrid Music System hardware or software, an AMPLE utility, a useful hint about AMPLE, or an answer to another member's question.
Under copyright law we cannot publish programs or music unless we have the permission of the copyright owners or their licensing agent. It is important to realise that in the case of an AMPLE music program, copyright exists in both the program itself and the music it represents. There may even be a separate copyright in the arrangement. If you wish to contribute transcriptions into AMPLE of someone else's music you must credit the copyright owner(s) of the music, the arrangement (if applicable) and lyrics (if included). We can then try to obtain permission to publish.
To protect ourselves from copyright actions we must ask you to sign the copyright declaration on the 'next issue request form' which was sent to you with this issue of AMPLINEX. All submissions made to AMPLINEX will be regarded as permission to publish within the AMPLINEX membership. Beyond this, the submission remains the property of the author.
As part of an exchange arrangement, we may wish to pass on your address if any of your contributions are of interest to other software publishers.
If you do NOT wish your contributions to be considered for publication elsewhere (and thus your address not to be passed to anyone else) please indicate this on the request form in the place provided.
You can also use your return disc to pass on questions which you would like answered on any issue relating to the Hybrid Music System or AMPLE language. We will do our best to answer them (or will pass them over to the other members for help) and publish the results in the Questions and Answers section of AMPLINEX.
You can also use AMPLINEX to advertise any (un)wanted items or to make contact with other members. Just put the details of your advertisement on to the return disc and we will try to include it in the next issue.
The 'Feedback' section of AMPLINEX contains a utility to allow a note to be written on the screen which can then be saved to disc. This 'note' file can then be included on your disc sent for the next issue of AMPLINEX.
'Feedback' notes can be used to make contributions to any of the text-based sections of AMPLINEX as well as to make comments or suggestions on AMPLINEX itself.
Send all contributions, on a standard DFS format disc (40- or 80-track).
It is not necessary to send printed copies of your contributions - any copies required are printed locally to minimize postage costs.
40-track disc users please note:
The AMPLINEX magazine is designed to fit on to one side of an 80-track disc. If you use 40-track discs you should send one double-sided or two single-sided discs.
Suggested file formats are:
a) AMPLE music programs - save these in normal Studio 5000 format (e.g. by selecting 'Save program' from the Studio 5000 Main menu). Since many members do not have the Music 4000 keyboard please ensure that your program has no M.M4 or M.KFX module words present. To make sure, try loading the program using your Studio 5000 system disc.
Please include some comments about the music - how or why it was written, how it could be changed - and put them into a word as comments following a DISPLAY statement. Use of the word 'info' to contain such text is common practice and we would suggest that it is NOT displayed automatically every time the music is played.
b) AMPLE instruments - save these in text form via *SPOOL using the AMPLE 'TYPE' command to save the word(s) you want.
Some description of the sound itself and hints on its use (e.g. which parameters could be changed, which are the most suitable octave settings) would make it more useful. This can be done using comments within the instrument definition itself (by preceding them with a '%').
c) Text (hints, questions etc.) - use the 'Feedback' note facility for short contributions. For longer pieces use View, Wordwise or other word processor (without embedded format codes or commands). Do not right justify the text.
You can help us operate AMPLINEX more efficiently by careful naming of the files which you send us. Receiving several files called 'hint' or 'quest' can cause us problems in trying to keep track of which contribution came from which member.
Wherever possible, please try and make the filenames of your contributions unique especially where they are for a regular section of the magazine.
Putting a combination of your name or initials and the section for which the contribution is destined is one way of doing this. So if your name is Fred Bloggs you could use FBquest or BlogH&T for contributions to the Questions and Answers or Hints and Tips sections.
Whatever filenames you use, please remember to include your name somewhere in the contribution - this can save us many hours annotating lists and cross-referencing filenames with contributors.
Ensure that your disc is well packed as we will be using the same packaging to return it to you.
Make sure you enclose a return address label and postage and that both the packaging and the disc are marked with your name and address.
Send it to:
AMPLINEX
26 Arbor Lane
Winnersh
Berks.
RG11 5JD
to arrive by the date specified in the 'Next issue' section.
We look forward to reading and hearing your contributions.

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Update – changes/corrections/comments

This section is a focus for news about the workings of AMPLINEX, corrections to items in previous issues, and other small items of information which might otherwise be missed amongst the details of each issue.

AMPLINEX control program

We are aware that several members have had problems with the size of the AMPLINEX control program in recent issues. Unfortunately, as the Hybrid Music System gets more complex, with more options and different releases of software, it gets increasingly difficult to know whether a particular program will run on all configurations. We always try to ensure that the program will run on a standard BBC Master and BBC Model B with a regularly configured Studio 5000 system disc but this may not satisfy all members' requirements.
To avoid a radical re-write of the A.MPLINEX control program we have used the newly released AMPLE Toolbox utility (see News and Reviews section), COMPILE, to reduce its size. Please let us know if you still experience problems, telling us the exact system configuration you are using.

Music 2000 files

After the recent correspondence on the subject of publishing Music 2000 music files in AMPLINEX, we are still awaiting the expected rush of Music 2000 contributions (either dual-purpose or Music 2000 only).
An appeal, therefore, to Music 2000 users - let us hear your work!

Uses of the Hybrid Music System

We would like to put together a feature on the different uses to which members put the Hybrid Music System. We are looking for examples of its use in, say, performance, recording or audio-visual work (rather than of its use in propping up a wobbly table) and would welcome contributions from members describing their application.
We always welcome suggestions for improvements in the workings or contents of AMPLINEX - most of the changes made to date have originated from members' suggestions. So, if you have an idea to improve AMPLINEX, let us know.
Also, please let us know if you spot an error or omission in the contents of AMPLINEX - you may be the first one who has noticed.

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990

Welcome to AMPLINEX 015

Kevin Doyle and Roy Follett
In this issue, in addition to our regular complement of Questions and Answers and Hints and Tips, we have a feature on the use of !BOOT files, a utility to turn the Music 4000 keyboard into a drum kit, and another to aid the waveform design process.
As always we have an interesting collection of original, and more familiar, music (16 pieces in all), as well as the latest news of new products for the Hybrid Music System.
We hope you enjoy the disc and we look forward to receiving your contributions to AMPLINEX 016.

A message from the editor:
As I mentioned in AMPLINEX 009, I am currently taking a course of part-time further education which needs a considerable amount of work in my own time as well as time away from home. This can obviously conflict with the work needed to produce the AMPLINEX discs and the lateness of this issue is an example of the effects of that.
Since this situation is bound to continue for at least this rest of this year, I hope that you will bear with us if disc releases are a little late. Whenever possible we will try to anticipate delays and give an accurate date in the 'Next issue news' section, but this may not always be possible.
Whatever the release date, however, we will naturally endeavour to make sure each disc is something worth waiting for!
Kevin Doyle

Published in AMPLINEX 015, January 1990